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Date |
Event(s) |
| 1 | 1438 | - 1438: Incan Empire formed in Peru
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| 2 | 1455 | - 1455: Gutenberg invents movable type printing press and produces first Bible
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| 3 | 1492 | - 1492: Columbus reaches the New World, Spain conquers the Moors
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| 4 | 1503 | - 1503: Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa; Michelangelo sculpts the David (1504)
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| 5 | 1509 | - 1509: Michelangelo begins painting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
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| 6 | 1513 | - 1513: Machiavelli's The Prince
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| 7 | 1517 | - 1517: Martin Luther initiates Reformation in Germany
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| 8 | 1520 | - 1520: Suleiman I "the Magnificent" presides over the Ottoman Empire's greatest period
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| 9 | 1522 | - 1522: Magellan's expedition circumnavigates the globe
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| 10 | 1527 | - 1527: End of the Italian Renaissance
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| 11 | 1535 | - 1535: Jacques Cartier sails up the St Lawrence River, basis of French claims to Canada
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| 12 | 1536 | - 1536: Henry VIII executes second wife, Anne Boleyn
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| 13 | 1543 | - 1543: Polish scholar Nicholas Copernicus postulates that the earth revolves around the sun
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| 14 | 1547 | - 1547: Ivan IV "the Terrible" crowned as Czar of Russia
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| 15 | 1556 | - 1556: Akbar the Great becomes Moggul emperor of India, continues wars of conquest until 1605
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| 16 | 1558 | - 1558: Queen Elizabeth ascends the throne and rules to 1603
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| 17 | 1570 | - 1570: Japan permits visits of foreign ships
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| 18 | 1580 | - 1580: Francis Drake circumnavigates globe, knighted by Queen Elizabeth in 1581
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| 19 | 1582 | - 1582: Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian Calendar
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| 20 | 1588 | - 1588: Defeat of the Spainish Armada by the English
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| 21 | 1590 | - 1590: Galileo experiments with falling objects
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| 22 | 1600 | - 1600: English East India Comapny established
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| 23 | 1603 | - 1603: Shakespeare's Hamlet
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| 24 | 1605 | - 1605: Cervantes's Don Quixote de la Mancha, the first modern novel
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| 25 | 1607 | - 14 May 1607: Jamestown, Virginia established as first permanent English colony, Pochantas saves life of John Smith
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| 26 | 1609 | - 1609: Galileo makes first astronomical observations with a telescope, sees the moons of Jupiter in 1610
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| 27 | 1614 | - 1614: John Napier discovers logarithms
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| 28 | 1620 | - 1620: Pilgrims arrive at Plymouth Rock in America on the Mayflower
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| 29 | 1630 | - 1630: Massachusetts Bay Colony
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| 30 | 1632 | - 1632: Maryland founded by Lord Baltimore
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| 31 | 1637 | - 1637: Descartes publishes Discours de la methode
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| 32 | 1638 | - 1638: Printing press reaches America
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| 33 | 1642 | - 1642: English Civil War, Charles I beheaded and monarchy removed from power, Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector
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| 34 | 1643 | - 1643: Taj Mahal completed
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| 35 | 1644 | - 1644: Ming Dynasty ends in China, Manchus come to power
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| 36 | 1660 | - 1660: English Parliment calls for resoration of the Monarchy, Charels II returns from France and crowned King of England in 1661
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| 37 | 1664 | - 1664: Newton's theory of universal gravitation
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| 38 | 1665 | - 1665: Great Plague in London kills 75,000
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| 39 | 1666 | - 1666: Great Fire of London
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| 40 | 1667 | - 1667: Milton's Paradise Lost, widely considered the greatest epic poem in English
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| 41 | 1682 | - 1682: Pennsylvania founded by William Penn
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| 42 | 1684 | - 1684: Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz's calculus published
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| 43 | 1690 | - 1690: John Locke's Essay Concerning Human Understanding
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| 44 | 1701 | - 1701: War of the Spanish Succession
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| 45 | 1704 | - 1704: Bach's first cantata; first newspaper in America published (Boston News Letter)
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| 46 | 1707 | - 1707: United Kingdom of Great Britain formed, England, Wales and Scotland joined by parlimentary Act of Union
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| 47 | 1721 | - 1721: Bach completes the Brandenburg Concertos
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| 48 | 1732 | - 1732: Georgia founded by James Oglethorpe
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| 49 | 1755 | - 1755: Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published; U.S. postal service established
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| 50 | 1756 | - 1756: French and Indian Wars, Britain and Prussia defeat France, Spain, Austria and Russia. France loses North American colonies, Spain cedes Florida to Britain in exchange for Cuba
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| 51 | 1760 | - 1760: Industrial Revolution begins in England
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| 52 | 1762 | - 1762: Jean Jacques Rousseau's Social Contract
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| 53 | 1764 | - 1764: Mozart writes first symphony (aged eight)
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| 54 | 1765 | - 1765: James Watt invents the steam engine; Britain imposes the Stamp Act on the American Colonists
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| 55 | 1772 | - 1772: Partition of Poland, in 1772, 1793, and 1795, Austria, Prussia and Russia divide land and people ending its independence
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| 56 | 1773 | - 1773: The Boston Tea Party
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| 57 | 1775 | - 1775: The American Revolution begins
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| 58 | 1776 | - 1776: Declaration of Independence; Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations
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| 59 | 1778 | - 1778: Captain James Cook discovers Hawaii
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| 60 | 1783 | - 1783: Revolutionary War ends with Treaty of Paris
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| 61 | 1787 | - 1787: U.S. Constitution signed
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| 62 | 1789 | - 1789: French Revolution begins with the storming of the Bastille; in U.S. George Washington elected President
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| 63 | 1791 | - 1791: U.S. Bill of Rights ratified
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| 64 | 1792 | - 1792: Mary Wollstonecraft's Vindication of the Rights of Woman
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| 65 | 1793 | - 1793: Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette executed beginnning the Reign of Terror in France
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| 66 | 1794 | - 1794: Kosciusko's uprising in Poland quelled by the Russians
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| 67 | 1796 | - 1796: Jenner discovers smallpox vaccine
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| 68 | 1808 | - 1808: Beethoven's Fifth Symphony
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| 69 | 1815 | - 1815: Battle of Waterloo crushes Napoleon
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| 70 | 1819 | - 1819: Bolivar defeats Spainish forces at Boyaca
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| 71 | 1826 | - 1826: Niepce takes first photograph
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| 72 | 1833 | - 1833: Slavery abolished in British Empire
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| 73 | 1842 | - 1842: Long uses ether as first anesthetic
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| 74 | 1859 | - 1859: Darwin's On the Origin of Species;Lenoir buids the first practical internal combustion engine
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| 75 | 1862 | - 1862: Pasteur's experiments lead to germ theory; Salon des Refuses introduces impressionism
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